Posts Tagged ‘Jim Collins’

Surviving the Most Difficult Conditions

Thursday, November 20th, 2008

William Smead
Chief Executive Officer
Chief Investment Officer







Dear Clients and Prospective Clients:

Jim Collins is the author of a book that I have mentioned from time to time called “Good to Great”. He has attempted to help us understand the difference between merely good companies and the few great ones which have been demonstrating “greatness” over the years. What these “great” companies do in the most difficult business circumstances could give us some clues on what to do in this current economic and investment environment. The current environment is already establishing itself as the most difficult set of circumstances we have faced since the 1930’s.

To help us understand the approach of “great” companies in difficult circumstances, Collins retells the story of James Stockdale, a POW camp survivor from the Vietnam War. Stockdale withstood the kind of long imprisonment which Senator John McCain withstood and is still fresh in our memories. This survivor explained that it wasn’t the pessimists or the optimists which survived, but rather the realists. Pessimists died early on trying to escape, knowing that they didn’t have it in them to hold on for years. Optimists expected the very best and would say things like, “We will be out of here by Thanksgiving.” Thanksgiving would come and go and the optimist would turn to Easter as the point where it would all be better. Eventually, a number of optimistic deadlines would pass and the optimist would lose hope and turn into a pessimist. The realist said, “I will do whatever it takes to get through this regardless of how long it takes to get through it.” There is an inherent optimism in the position taken by the realist. The grim reality must be balanced against the great blessing for you on the other side of the valley.We are in the midst of a business coma and stock market liquidation that has to do with financial sins committed over the last ten years. It is holding all participants (workers, investors and companies) prisoner regardless of whether or not we or our companies were part of creating the problem. We do not know how long the “business coma” will last, how long stocks will be liquidated to find a bottom and how soon the inevitable rebound will come! However, we must survive.

At Smead Capital Management we have staked the survival of our portfolios on the balance sheet strength of our companies, the necessary nature of their products and the enduring quality and “mind control” of their brands. In other words, we have sought to own the realist companies which can get through this regardless of how long it takes. And we do this to not only survive, but also because the reward on the other side of the valley is huge from a historical point of view. If you made it all the way through the Great Depression to 1937 with your blue chip stocks, you saw a huge rebound in stock prices from the 1932 lows.

What can you do to be a realistic owner and steward of your assets? Make sure you are investing money in the stock market which can stay invested for at least three to five years. Put the money you need in the next two years in a safe financial instrument like a Certificate of Deposit or money-market fund. Reduce portfolio withdrawals until things improve. Where possible, liquidate non-liquid assets like boats, cars and non-income producing real estate or use them as a charitable donations in a substitution for cash outlays. If needed, review your portfolio with us regardless of whether or not we oversee all the assets.

What should we look for to get a sense that this storm is passing? First, look for low enough new home sales figures to put some of the weaker publicly traded homebuilders into Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Second, look for Arizona, California, Florida and Nevada unsold home inventories to decline. Thirdly, look for some highly respected, nationally recognized stock portfolio managers to give up or get fired (it happened right before the Tech bubble broke in early 2000). Lastly, look for the interest rate differential to narrow between high-grade corporate bonds and Treasury bonds.

We intend to survive these circumstances with you and are here to serve you in any realistic way we can.

Warmest regards,

William Smead
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SCM Missive | July 22nd, 2008

Tuesday, September 2nd, 2008

William Smead
Chief Executive Officer
Chief Investment Officer 




I seem to be writing to you weekly in our missives, but I’ve never been in a more difficult stock market than this one. I feel like you deserve to be regularly communicated with until we get well into the next great stock market. We are in earnings reporting season for public companies and in this environment it appears that there is a pattern. If a company disappoints the small band of remaining professional investors (if you can call the existing professional participants “investors”) on any aspect of their results or opinions about the future the stock price gets punished. Also, if it appears that the current economic and/or political environment has affected the company in a way the media deems semi-permanent, then the stock gets punished.


In theory, the value of a company today is the present value of all the future profits discounted back to today’s dollars. Since nobody knows what each company will make in profits 10 to 20 years out, it is up to professionals to take their best guesses. We use our eight criteria and a present value equation created by Benjamin Graham, who was Warren Buffett’s finance instructor at Columbia University and a successful investor in his own right. We like brand name, financially-strong makers of products and providers of services which history has shown last longer and survive difficult economic environments better than other companies. And we like them because at any given time even a great company can falter in some way and need time and financial strength to recover to possibly go to higher stock price heights. Today’s market psychology basically assumes that everybody is faltering in some way.Examples abound today among companies we own and ones we don’t own. Merck has had an ongoing battle over a drug called Vytorin, which appears to lower bad cholesterol significantly, but doesn’t stop some of the negative medical events that doctors and researchers have attributed to high levels of bad cholesterol. The stock was down sharply yesterday and could be down again today in a similar way. EBAY and Microsoft reported earnings last week which for any other company of their size would be reason for rejoicing in the street (earnings up 22% and 42%, respectively). Both stocks went down in price as investors stewed over whether EBAY still has a love affair going with small buyers and sellers and Microsoft shareholders wonder when Steve Ballmer can figure out that it is only a good idea to hire an employee who contributes to the profit of a business. Ballmer has acted like he doesn’t understand the lessons of a book called “Good to Great”, where writer Jim Collins determined that “great businesses” stay focused on what they do better than anyone else and stuck to investing in their core business. Ballmer’s actions toward buying Yahoo have convinced observers that he does not have confidence in the core software business, so why should anyone else?
These three companies fit all of our criteria and have their lowest price-to-earnings ratio in my 28 years (Merck) or lowest in the company’s existence in the case of EBAY and Microsoft. They all create massive free cash flow and sit on large piles of cash on their balance sheet. There is no guarantee that they work for us as investments, but as a part of a 20 to 30 stock portfolio of companies like themselves, history and probabilities argue for our long-term investment success.

Many companies we don’t own, like Apple and American Express, reported their earnings yesterday. Apple fell sharply in the after-hours trading market even though earnings grew 31% and American Express admitted significant additional credit reserves and potential loan losses and it negatively affected investor attitudes among many major financial company share prices yesterday afternoon. Google made a 35% gain in earnings for the most recent quarter and fell 10% since last week.

My conclusion is to maintain confidence in the discipline and wherever possible use the current weakness to upgrade the quality of what we own. We did that last week when we exchanged a stock we think has a good future, Legg Mason, for two higher quality companies which have similarly bright futures but carry less risk, Franklin Resources and Bank of NY/Mellon. We did the same thing when we traded Wachovia for JP Morgan in the last couple of months. My years of experience have taught me that pain in the stock market leads to wealth; and glory in the stock market leads to pain. You can imagine where I think we are now. Thank you for your patience and trust.

Warmest regards,
 

 


William Smead

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